The Norwegian Radiation Monitor (NORM) is a compact, single particle-telescope-based radiation monitor developed for measuring energetic electrons and protons in space environment. NORM has been designed as an easily adaptable space radiation monitor for satellite missions in GEO, LEO, and HEO.
The first NORM unit, flying aboard the Arctic Satellite Broadband Mission (ASBM), provides...
The Space Application of Timepix Radiation Monitor (SATRAM) was launched into space in May 2013 onboard the Proba-V satellite of the European Space Agency into a low Earth orbit (820km, Sun-synchronous) and it has been operating ever since. The SATRAM module is equipped with a Timepix chip featuring a 300 μm-thick silicon sensor divided into a 256 x 256 pixel matrix with 55 μm pixel pitch....
The 3D Energetic Electron Spectrometer (3DEES) has been designed as a compact science-class instrument that is optimised for the measurement of angle-resolved electron spectra in the energy range 0.1 - 10 MeV in the Earth’s radiation belts. However, it also allows to quantify proton fluxes in the energy range 2.5 to 50 MeV. It has been developed within a consortium including the Belgian...
The RADiation-hard Electron Monitor (RADEM) was launched aboard the European Space Agency (ESA), JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) on April 14th, 2023. JUICE is scheduled to arrive at the Jovian system in 2031 after an eight-year cruise. RADEM is part of the JUICE platform payload, and for that reason, will be on during the entire cruise and nominal phases of the mission. To characterize the...
Internal charging of large mission satellites is due to galactic cosmic rays and solar particles in the energy range above tens of MeV/n.
Long-, short-term variations of galactic cosmic rays and solar energetic particle events play a relevant role in reducing the sensitivity of space missions. In particular we focus on the ESA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) and LISA-like...
