3–5 Jun 2026
Politecnico di Milano
Europe/Amsterdam timezone

Integrated Assessment of Satellite Optical Brightness for Preservation of Dark and Quiet Skies

5 Jun 2026, 16:00
15m
Politecnico di Milano

Politecnico di Milano

Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano (MI)

Speaker

Lorenzo Cimino (Sapienza University of Rome)

Description

The concern raised by astronomers due to undesired acquisitions of space debris and satellites streaks in astronomical images determined a growing interest in so called Dark and Quiet Skies policies over the last years. Space agencies, international organizations and national governments are issuing new recommendations and laws aimed at ensuring
that the apparent brightness of space objects is below a certain threshold, typically recognized as V magnitude not below 7. Although this common requirement does not take into account the several factors that affect an object brightness, it demands for methods aimed at evaluating an object brightness both in the design and operational phase. Evaluating a satellite brightness in the early design phase enables the implementation of mitigation strategies at material level to reduce brightness, if necessary, whereas an assessment of brightness in the operational phase, once in orbit, allows the scheduling of attitude maneuvers to reflect sunlight towards preferred directions. In any case, the development of tools for evaluating a satellite brightness is required. We present a comprehensive approach to brightness evaluation developed under the ESA contract BILAR, which uses both real optical and simulated measurements to provide an assessment of a material brightness. Real measurements are obtained through observations in different photometric band, from the near ultraviolet to the near infrared. Simulated measurements are obtained through a dedicated digital twin that enables the evaluation of a satellite brightness under several configurations, as a function of different attitudes, materials characteristics and orbital conditions. The latter approach is further improved by the application of experimental BRDF measurements of typical space materials, enhancing the achievable characterization level. The entire approach, including real observations,experimental measurements and the digital twin will be presented in this paper.

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Author

Lorenzo Cimino (Sapienza University of Rome)

Co-authors

Lorenzo Mariani (Sapienza University of Rome) Matteo Rossetti (Sapienza University of Rome) Lorenzo Frezza (Sapienza University of Rome) Fabrizio Piergentili (Sapienza University of Rome)

Presentation materials