Specific absorbed fractions (SAF) and S-values (S), which are related to internal radiation dosimetry, can currently be estimated using a variety of Monte Carlo tools, including MCNP and GATE, in order to prevent biological damage from being done to tissues and organs after they've been exposed to ionizing radiation. For physicists with coding skills, such tools make physics easier. However,...
A multiscale approach was developed for the first time and used to assess the early DNA radiation damage due to galactic cosmic ray (GCR) protons and the resulting backscattered lunar radiation (BLR) on the surface of the Moon using Geant4. Male and female astronauts were modelled using the ICRP145 tetrahedral mesh phantoms. GCR protons were modelled incident on the Moon surface with an...
